Improvement in reverberatory furnaces



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

W. KENDRIOK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN REVERB-ERATORYy FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 50,718., dated October31, 1865.

`To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that l, WASHINGTON KEN- DRIGK, of the city, county, andState of New York, haveinvented anew and usefulImproveement inReverberatory Furnaces; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, which will enable thoseskilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming partof this specification, in which-Figure l represents a longitudinal vertical section of the invention,the line I K, Fig. 6, and I' K, Fig. 7, indicating the plane of section.Fig. 2 is a similar section of the same, taken in the plane indicated bythe line M N, Fig. 6, M' N', Fig. 7, and M" N", Fig. 9. Fig. 3 is atransverse vertical section of the same, taken in the plane of sectionindicated by the line A B, Fig. 6. Fig. 4 is asimilar section of thesame, taken in the plane indicated by the line C D, Fig. 6, and G' D',Fig. 7. Fig. 5 is a similar section of the same, the plane of sectionbeing indicated by the line E F, Figs. l, 2, and- 6, and l' F', Fig. 7.Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the same, the line I K, Fig. 1, A B,Fig. 3, C D, Fig. 4, and Gr' H', Fig. 8, indicating the plane ofsection. Fig. 7 is a similar section of the same, the plane of sectionbeing indicated by the line l' K', Fig. l, M' N', Fig. 2, C' D', Fig. 3,and GWB", Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section of the same,taken in the plane indicated by the line G H, Figs. l, 2, and 6, and G'H', Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a horizontal section of the same, the plane ofsection being indicated by the line M" N", Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicatecorresponding parts.

This invention relates to certain improvements inthe construction ofreverberatory furnaces with one or more grates or fire-places, wherebysaid furnaces are rendered applicable for the purpose of roasting,oxidizing, and smelting ores of any desired description.

O represents the base of a furnace with two grates or nre-placesconstructed according to this invention. The grates a are situated overthe cave b, which is to receive ashes and impurities discharged Lfromthe fire-places, and through which the atmospheric air has free accessto the res from below. Suitable bars, c, applied under the grates, areintended to facilitate the operation of poking or cleaning the res.

Above the grates rises the furnace-wall P, and said grates are separatedone from the other by a partition-wall, d, as seen in Figs. 3,. 6, and7, and they are situated on the side of the hearth or siege Q, beingseparated from the same by a bridge-wall, e, which rises some distanceabove the level of the hearth, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. Doors f, in theends of the furnace-wall, give access to the lire-places for the purposeof introducing the fuel, and other doors, g, serve to introduce andwithdraw the charge to and from the hearth Q. Cold air may may beadmit-ted to the flames through channels g', which are closed bysuitable doors.

Through the front wall of the lire-places eX- tends a water-chamber, h,from which small channels i lead into the fire-places, as seenparticularlyin Figs. l and 3, so thatjets ofsteam can be thrown into theflames, and another waterchamber,j, is built into the bridge-wail e,from which channels 7c serve to inject smalljets of steam between theflame and the ore on the hearth.

In the bridge-wall and above the waterchamber j are one or moreair-chambers, l, from which channels m pass out through that side ofthebridge-Wall facing the hearth, and by these means jets of heated air,alone or conjointly with jets of steam, can be thrown between the flameand the ore on the hearth. The heated gases and product-s of combustion,after passing over the ore on the hearth, together with the gases risingfrom the ore, enter through apertures u into the re-tlues q, whichextend up and communicate with the escape-hues r s, and which alsoextend down and communicate with the chamber t below the hearth Q, asseen particularly ii Fig. 1. The area of the chamber t is equal, ornearly so, to that ofthe hearth, as seen in Fig. 7, which represents aground-plan of said chamber, and access to it is had through doors ainthe ends of the furnace-wall, and channel '0, which eX- tend through thefront of the furnace-wall and arc closed by doors w, form thecommunication in between the fire-hues g and the chamber t.

From the chamber textend two (more or less) fines, x, to the ground-Huey, which eX- tends throughout the entire width of the furnace, and whichcommunicates by means of a horizontal iiue, z, with the upright tine a',and through this with the escape-flue s. The flues y and z are closed bydoors b' and c', as seen particularly in Fig. 9, so that the same can bereadily swept out whenever it may be desirable.

The tire-nues q are provided with dampers d', and other dampers, ef, areinserted into the ues 1' and a', as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of thedrawings. When the dampers d and f are closed and the dampers e openedthe heated gases are caused to rise through the tire-fines q, and todischarge through thetlues rand s without being allowed to pass downinto the chamber t; but when the dampers d and f f are opened and thedampers e closed the heated gases pass down into the chamber t, andthrough the tluesy, z, and a to the escapeilue s. In this latter casethe hearth is exposed to the heat above and below, the temperature inthe chamber t being also raised to a very high degree. 1 This chamber isintended to be partially filled with water, so that such particles ofmetal which may be carried off by the draft in the heated gases andproducts of combustion will lbe retained and precipitated on its bottom,whence they can easily be recovered. A suction-blower, R, which connectswith the discharge-flue S, serves to withdraw the products of combustionand to produce the requisite draft, and the products of combustion areconducted through a suitable condenser,in which the condensible gaseswill collect.

When the furnace is built with four or more re-places said fire-placesare equally divided on opposite sides of the hearth, and the heatedgases and products of combustion may be car ried oft' through uessimilar to those above described, or through any other suitablearrangement ot' dues.

By the arrangement ot' the flues, as above described, the llames andheated gases are caused to circulate around the hearth, and a very highheat can be effected, whereas in reverberatory furnaces of the ordinaryconstruction the principal portion of the heat creeps up through thesmoke stack; and, furthermore, in my furnace the heat can be regulatedat pleasure, so that in roasting the danger of burning dead or melting aportion of the ore can be easily avoided, and through the channels 7cand m jets of air and steam are thrown between the ore and the dame, sothat the combustible gases rising from the ores are readily consumed andcarried oft'through there-ues. Suitable provision is also made to supplythe requisite quantity of atmospheric air for complete 0Xidation ordesulphurization, and, if desired, my furnace can also be used forsmeltin g.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The arrangement of one or more replaces on the same or on oppositesides ofthe hearth Q,in combinationwith said hearth and with one or morebridge-walls, e, containing steam and water-channels, by which jets ofsteam and of air can be thrown between the ore and the flames,substantially as and for the bination with suitable re-iues, constructedand operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The ilues q, x, y, z, and a', in combination with the hearth Q, andwith or without the chamber t, constructed and operating substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

4. The arrangement ot' a suitable suctionblower, with or without acondenser, in combination with the escape-Hue s, and with the fines 1^,q, and n and hearth Q, constructed and operating substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

5. The arrangement of air-flues g', in comwith the re place or placesa', bridge-wall e, and hearth Q, constructed and operating substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

W. KENDRIGK.

Witnesses:

W. HAUFF, E. KAsTENHUBER.

